Who Is Grumble in the Swiss Family Robinson
 Frontispiece from the 1851 American edition by John Gilbert | |
| Author | Johann David Wyss |
|---|---|
| Original title | Der Schweizerische Robinson |
| Translator | William H. Thousand. Kingston |
| Illustrator | Johann Emmanuel Wyss |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Language | German language |
| Genre | Adventure fiction |
| Publisher | Johann Rudolph Wyss (the writer'southward son) |
| Publication date | 1812 |
| Media blazon | Print (Hardcover and paperback) |
| Pages | 323 |
The Swiss Family Robinson (German: Der Schweizerische Robinson) is a novel by Johann David Wyss, outset published in 1812, about a Swiss family of immigrants whose ship en road to Port Jackson, Australia, goes off course and is shipwrecked in the East Indies. The crew of the send is lost, simply the family unit and a number of domestic animals survive. They make their way to shore where they build a settlement, undergoing a number of adventures before they are rescued; some of them refuse rescue and remain on the island.
The volume is the most successful of a large number of "castaway novels" that were written in response to the success of Robinson Crusoe. It has gone through a big number of versions and adaptations.
History [edit]
Written by Swiss writer, Johann David Wyss, edited by his son Johann Rudolf Wyss, and illustrated by another son, Johann Emmanuel Wyss, the novel was intended to teach his 4 sons about family values, adept husbandry, the uses of the natural earth and self-reliance. Wyss' mental attitude towards its education is in line with the teachings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and many chapters involve Christian-oriented moral lessons such equally frugality, husbandry, acceptance, and cooperation.[1]
Wyss presents adventures as lessons in natural history and physical science. This resembles other educational books for young ones published about the same time. These include Charlotte Turner Smith's Rural Walks: in Dialogues intended for the use of Young Persons (1795), Rambles Further: A continuation of Rural Walks (1796), and A Natural History of Birds, intended importantly for immature persons (1807). Merely Wyss' novel is also modeled subsequently Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, an adventure story about a shipwrecked sailor first published in 1719.[ane]
The book presents a geographically impossible array of big mammals and plants that probably could never take existed together on a single island, for the children's didactics, nourishment, clothing and convenience.
Over the years there accept been many versions of the story with episodes added, changed, or deleted. Maybe the all-time-known English version is by William H. G. Kingston, first published in 1879.[one] It is based on Isabelle de Montolieu's 1813 French adaptation and 1824 continuation (from affiliate 37) Le Robinson suisse, ou, Periodical d'un père de famille, naufragé avec ses enfants in which were added further adventures of Fritz, Franz, Ernest, and Jack.[one] Other English language editions that claim to include the whole of the Wyss-Montolieu narrative are by W. H. Davenport Adams (1869–1910) and Mrs H. B. Paull (1879). As Carpenter and Prichard write in The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature (Oxford, 1995), "with all the expansions and contractions over the past ii centuries (this includes a long history of abridgments, condensations, Christianizing, and Disney products), Wyss's original narrative has long since been obscured."[1] The closest English language translation to the original is that of the Juvenile Library in 1816, published past the husband and wife team William Godwin and Mary Jane Clairmont, reprinted by Penguin Classics.[two]
Although movie and television adaptations typically proper name the family "Robinson", it is not a Swiss proper name. The High german title translates as The Swiss Robinson which identifies the novel as office of the Robinsonade genre, rather than a story about a family named Robinson.
Plot [edit]
The Map of "New Switzerland"
The novel opens with the titular family in the hold of a sailing transport, weathering a swell tempest. The ship'south crew evacuate without them, and William and Elizabeth and their 4 sons (Fritz, Ernest, Jack and Franz) are left to survive alone. As the ship tosses about, William prays that God will spare them.
The send survives the night and the family finds themselves within sight of a tropical desert isle. The adjacent morning, they decide to get to the isle they can encounter beyond the reef. With much endeavor, they construct a vessel out of tubs. Later on they make full the tubs with food and ammunition and all other articles of value they can safely carry, they row toward the island. 2 dogs from the ship named Turk and Juno swim beside them. The ship's cargo of livestock (including a cow, a donkey, ii goats, six sheep, a ram, a grunter, chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons), guns and pulverisation, carpentry tools, books, a disassembled pinnace and provisions have survived.
Upon reaching the island, the family set up a makeshift camp. William knows that they must prepare for a long fourth dimension on the isle and his thoughts are as much on provisions for the future every bit for their immediate wants. William and his oldest son Fritz spend the side by side day exploring the island.
The family unit spends the next few days securing themselves confronting hunger. William and Fritz brand several trips to the ship in their efforts to bring ashore everything useful from the vessel. The domesticated animals on the ship are towed back to the island. There is also a great store of firearms and ammunition, hammocks for sleeping, carpenter'south tools, lumber, cooking utensils, silverware, and dishes. Initially they construct a treehouse, merely as time passes (and after Elizabeth is injured climbing the stairs downwardly from it), they settle in a more permanent dwelling in office of a cave. Fritz rescues a young Englishwoman named Jenny Montrose who was shipwrecked elsewhere on their island.
The book covers more than than 10 years. William and older boys explore various environments and develop homes and gardens in diverse sites nearly the island. In the stop, the male parent wonders if they will always once more meet the residuum of humanity. Somewhen, a British ship that is in search of Jenny Montrose anchors most the island and is discovered by the family. The captain is given the journal containing the story of their life on the island which is eventually published. Several members of the family choose to continue to live tranquilly on their island while several of them return to Europe with the British.
Characters [edit]
The principal characters of the book (including Isabelle de Montolieu's adaptations and continuation) are:
- Pastor – The patriarch of the family. He is the narrator of the story and leads the family. He knows an enormous amount of information on almost everything the family comes across, demonstrating bravery and cocky-reliance.
- Elizabeth – The loving mother of the family. She is intelligent and resourceful, arming herself even before leaving the ship with a "magic bag" filled with supplies, including sewing materials and seeds for food crops. She is also a remarkably versatile melt, taking on anything from porcupine soup to roast penguin.
- Fritz – The oldest of the four boys, he is 15. Fritz is intelligent just impetuous. He is the strongest and accompanies his father on many quests.
- Ernest – The second oldest of the boys, he is 13. Ernest is the virtually intelligent, but a less physically active boy, often described by his father every bit "indolent". Like Fritz notwithstanding, he comes to exist an excellent shot.
- Jack – The third oldest of the boys, 11 years old. He is thoughtless, assuming, vivacious, and the quickest of the grouping.
- Franz (sometimes translated every bit Francis) – The youngest of the boys, he is 8 years old when the story opens. He usually stays dwelling house with his mother.
- Turk – The family unit'due south English domestic dog.
- Juno – The family unit's Danish domestic dog.
- Nip (likewise chosen Knips or Nips in some editions) – An orphan monkey adopted by the family afterward their dogs Turk and Juno have killed his female parent. The family uses him to exam for poisonous fruits.
- Fangs – A jackal that was tamed by the family.
In the novel, the family is non called "Robinson" as their surname is not mentioned. Nonetheless, in 1900, Jules Verne published The Castaways of the Flag (alternatively known as Second Fatherland), where he revisits the original shipwreck. In this sequel, of the family's terminal years on the original island, the family is called Zermatt.[3]
Other adaptations [edit]
The novels in ane form or some other have as well been adapted numerous times, sometimes changing location and/or time menses:
Volume sequels [edit]
- Willis the Airplane pilot: a sequel to The Swiss family Robinson; or, Adventures of an emigrant family wrecked on an unknown coast of the Pacific Sea (1858) has been attributed to Johann Wyss or to Johanna Spyri, author of Heidi.
- 2d Fatherland (Seconde Patrie, 1900), past Jules Verne takes upwards the story at the betoken where Wyss's tale left off. It has too been published in two volumes, Their Island Home and Castaways of the Flag.
- Return to Robinson Isle (2015), by T. J. Hoisington, based on the original 1812 Swiss Family Robinson novel.[4]
Audio adaptations [edit]
In 1963, the novel was dramatized by the Tale Spinners for Children series (United Artists Records UAC 11059) performed past the Famous Theatre Visitor.
Moving picture versions [edit]
- Al-Ṭurfa al-Šahiyya fī aḫbār al-ʿAʾila al-Swīsiyya, Standard arabic translation (c. 1900)
- Swiss Family Robinson (1940 film)
- Swiss Cheese Family Robinson (Mighty Mouse short, 1947)
- Swiss Family Robinson (1960 Walt Disney alive-activity motion picture)
- The Swiss Family Robinson (1976)
- Lost in Infinite (1998)
Made-for-TV movies [edit]
- Beverly Hills Family unit Robinson (1998)
- The New Swiss Family Robinson (1998) — Starring Jane Seymour, James Keach, and David Carradine
- Stranded (2002)
Television series [edit]
- English Family Robinson (1957)
- Lost in Infinite (1965–1968) – A science fiction adaptation in which the Robinsons are a family of explorers whose spacecraft goes off course.
- Swiss Family Robinson (1974) — Canadian series starring Chris Wiggins
- Swiss Family Robinson (1975) — American series starring Martin Milner
- The Swiss Family Robinson: Flone of the Mysterious Island (1981) — A Japanese anime series.
- The Swiss Family Jetson (1986) – An episode of the blithe series The Jetsons modeled after Johann Wyss's book.
- The Adventures of Swiss Family unit Robinson (1998) — New Zealand series starring Richard Thomas.
- Lost in Infinite (2018 – 2021) – A Netflix accommodation of the 1965 Lost in Space.
- Swiss Family Robinson (TBA) – A Disney+ adaptation currently in evolution.
Comic book series [edit]
- 'Swiss Family Robinson' (1947) Classics Illustrated accommodation of the original novel
- Space Family Robinson (1962–1984) – scientific discipline fiction adaptation
- Swiss Family Mouse n' Sons (c. 1962) - straight adaptation with the Disney characters playing the roles
Stage adaptations [edit]
- Swiss Family unit Robinson written past Jerry Montoya and performed at B Street Theatre in Sacramento, California in 2009.
Figurer adventure game [edit]
- Swiss Family Robinson created in 1984 by Tom Snyder Productions for the Apple II and Commodore 64, published under the Windham Classics characterization. The player takes the office of Fritz, the eldest brother.
Parody [edit]
- The New Swiss Family Robinson by Owen Wister (1882).
See also [edit]
- The Admirable Crichton
- Cast Away
- The Coral Island
- Lost in Space
- Robinson Crusoe
Footnotes [edit]
- ^ a b c d due east "A Annotation on Wyss'due south Swiss Family Robinson, Montolieu'south Le Robinson suisse, and Kingston's 1879 text" by Ellen Moody.
- ^ John Seelye, ed. The Swiss Family unit Robinson. Penguin Classics. 2008. ISBN 978-0-14-310499-v.
- ^ "New Switzerland, Jules Verne's Imaginary Shipwreck Sanctuary".
- ^ "TJ Hoisington Pens the First Swiss Family Robinson Sequel in Over 100 Years".
References [edit]
- Weber, Marie-Hélène (1993). Robinson et robinsonnades: étude comparée de "Robinson Crusoe" de Defoe, "Le Robinson suisse" de J.R. Wyss, "L'Ile mystérieuse" de J. Verne, "Sa majesté des mouches" de Due west. Golding, "Vendredi ou les limbes du Pacifique" de Thousand. Tournier, Ed. Universitaires du Sud.
- Wyss, Johann. The Swiss Family Robinson, ed. John Seelye. Penguin Classics, 2007. The but unabridged complete text genuinely past Wyss (and his son) currently in print.
External links [edit]
- The Swiss Family unit Robinson, available at Internet Archive (original edition scanned books with illustrations in color)
- The Swiss Family Robinson, available at Google Books (original edition scanned books with illustrations)
- The Swiss Family Robinson at Projection Gutenberg (plain text and HTML). Version unknown, ca. 1850, missing ii pages of text.
- The Swiss Family Robinson at Project Gutenberg (patently text). Kingston'southward 1879 translation.
- "A Note on Wyss'due south Swiss Family unit Robinson, Montolieu's Le Robinson suisse, and Kingston'south 1879 text", by Ellen Moody. Data about the book and its many versions.
-
The Swiss Family Robinson public domain audiobook at LibriVox
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Swiss_Family_Robinson
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